Where-Object

语法

EqualSet （默认值）

Where-Object
    [-Property] <String>
    [[-Value] <Object>]
    [-InputObject <PSObject>]
    [-EQ]
    [<CommonParameters>]

ScriptBlockSet

Where-Object
    [-FilterScript] <ScriptBlock>
    [-InputObject <PSObject>]
    [<CommonParameters>]

LessOrEqualSet

Where-Object
    [-Property] <String>
    [[-Value] <Object>]
    [-InputObject <PSObject>]
    [-LE]
    [<CommonParameters>]

CaseSensitiveGreaterOrEqualSet

Where-Object
    [-Property] <String>
    [[-Value] <Object>]
    [-InputObject <PSObject>]
    [-CGE]
    [<CommonParameters>]

CaseSensitiveLessOrEqualSet

Where-Object
    [-Property] <String>
    [[-Value] <Object>]
    [-InputObject <PSObject>]
    [-CLE]
    [<CommonParameters>]

CaseSensitiveInSet

Where-Object
    [-Property] <String>
    [[-Value] <Object>]
    [-InputObject <PSObject>]
    [-CIn]
    [<CommonParameters>]

GreaterOrEqualSet

Where-Object
    [-Property] <String>
    [[-Value] <Object>]
    [-InputObject <PSObject>]
    [-GE]
    [<CommonParameters>]

CaseSensitiveLikeSet

Where-Object
    [-Property] <String>
    [[-Value] <Object>]
    [-InputObject <PSObject>]
    [-CLike]
    [<CommonParameters>]

NotLikeSet

Where-Object
    [-Property] <String>
    [[-Value] <Object>]
    [-InputObject <PSObject>]
    [-NotLike]
    [<CommonParameters>]

CaseSensitiveNotLikeSet

Where-Object
    [-Property] <String>
    [[-Value] <Object>]
    [-InputObject <PSObject>]
    [-CNotLike]
    [<CommonParameters>]

MatchSet

Where-Object
    [-Property] <String>
    [[-Value] <Object>]
    [-InputObject <PSObject>]
    [-Match]
    [<CommonParameters>]

CaseSensitiveMatchSet

Where-Object
    [-Property] <String>
    [[-Value] <Object>]
    [-InputObject <PSObject>]
    [-CMatch]
    [<CommonParameters>]

NotMatchSet

Where-Object
    [-Property] <String>
    [[-Value] <Object>]
    [-InputObject <PSObject>]
    [-NotMatch]
    [<CommonParameters>]

CaseSensitiveNotMatchSet

Where-Object
    [-Property] <String>
    [[-Value] <Object>]
    [-InputObject <PSObject>]
    [-CNotMatch]
    [<CommonParameters>]

ContainsSet

Where-Object
    [-Property] <String>
    [[-Value] <Object>]
    [-InputObject <PSObject>]
    [-Contains]
    [<CommonParameters>]

CaseSensitiveContainsSet

Where-Object
    [-Property] <String>
    [[-Value] <Object>]
    [-InputObject <PSObject>]
    [-CContains]
    [<CommonParameters>]

NotContainsSet

Where-Object
    [-Property] <String>
    [[-Value] <Object>]
    [-InputObject <PSObject>]
    [-NotContains]
    [<CommonParameters>]

CaseSensitiveNotContainsSet

Where-Object
    [-Property] <String>
    [[-Value] <Object>]
    [-InputObject <PSObject>]
    [-CNotContains]
    [<CommonParameters>]

InSet

Where-Object
    [-Property] <String>
    [[-Value] <Object>]
    [-InputObject <PSObject>]
    [-In]
    [<CommonParameters>]

LikeSet

Where-Object
    [-Property] <String>
    [[-Value] <Object>]
    [-InputObject <PSObject>]
    [-Like]
    [<CommonParameters>]

NotInSet

Where-Object
    [-Property] <String>
    [[-Value] <Object>]
    [-InputObject <PSObject>]
    [-NotIn]
    [<CommonParameters>]

CaseSensitiveNotInSet

Where-Object
    [-Property] <String>
    [[-Value] <Object>]
    [-InputObject <PSObject>]
    [-CNotIn]
    [<CommonParameters>]

IsSet

Where-Object
    [-Property] <String>
    [[-Value] <Object>]
    [-InputObject <PSObject>]
    [-Is]
    [<CommonParameters>]

IsNotSet

Where-Object
    [-Property] <String>
    [[-Value] <Object>]
    [-InputObject <PSObject>]
    [-IsNot]
    [<CommonParameters>]

CaseSensitiveEqualSet

Where-Object
    [-Property] <String>
    [[-Value] <Object>]
    [-InputObject <PSObject>]
    [-CEQ]
    [<CommonParameters>]

NotEqualSet

Where-Object
    [-Property] <String>
    [[-Value] <Object>]
    [-InputObject <PSObject>]
    [-NE]
    [<CommonParameters>]

CaseSensitiveNotEqualSet

Where-Object
    [-Property] <String>
    [[-Value] <Object>]
    [-InputObject <PSObject>]
    [-CNE]
    [<CommonParameters>]

GreaterThanSet

Where-Object
    [-Property] <String>
    [[-Value] <Object>]
    [-InputObject <PSObject>]
    [-GT]
    [<CommonParameters>]

CaseSensitiveGreaterThanSet

Where-Object
    [-Property] <String>
    [[-Value] <Object>]
    [-InputObject <PSObject>]
    [-CGT]
    [<CommonParameters>]

LessThanSet

Where-Object
    [-Property] <String>
    [[-Value] <Object>]
    [-InputObject <PSObject>]
    [-LT]
    [<CommonParameters>]

CaseSensitiveLessThanSet

Where-Object
    [-Property] <String>
    [[-Value] <Object>]
    [-InputObject <PSObject>]
    [-CLT]
    [<CommonParameters>]

说明

示例

Example 1: Get stopped services

Get-Service | Where-Object {$_.Status -eq "Stopped"}
Get-Service | where Status -eq "Stopped"

Example 2: Get processes based on working set

Get-Process | Where-Object {$_.WorkingSet -GT 25000*1024}
Get-Process | Where-Object WorkingSet -GT (25000*1024)

Example 3: Get processes based on process name

Get-Process | Where-Object {$_.ProcessName -Match "^p.*"}
Get-Process | Where-Object ProcessName -Match "^p.*"

Example 4: Use the comparison statement format

Get-Process | Where-Object -Property Handles -GE -Value 1000
Get-Process | where Handles -GE 1000

Example 5: Get commands based on properties

# Use Where-Object to get commands that have any value for the OutputType property of the command.
# This omits commands that do not have an OutputType property and those that have an OutputType property, but no property value.
Get-Command | where OutputType
Get-Command | where {$_.OutputType}

# Use Where-Object to get objects that are containers.
# This gets objects that have the **PSIsContainer** property with a value of $True and excludes all others.
Get-ChildItem | where PSIsContainer
Get-ChildItem | where {$_.PSIsContainer}

# Finally, use the Not operator (!) to get objects that are not containers.
# This gets objects that do have the **PSIsContainer** property and those that have a value of $False for the **PSIsContainer** property.
Get-ChildItem | where {!$_.PSIsContainer}
# You cannot use the Not operator (!) in the comparison statement format of the command.
Get-ChildItem | where PSIsContainer -eq $False

Example 6: Use multiple conditions

Get-Module -ListAvailable | where {($_.Name -notlike "Microsoft*" -and $_.Name -notlike "PS*") -and $_.HelpInfoUri}

参数

-CContains

Indicates that this cmdlet gets objects from a collection if the property value of the object is an exact match for the specified value. This operation is case-sensitive.

For example: Get-Process | where ProcessName -CContains "svchost"

CContains refers to a collection of values and is true if the collection contains an item that is an exact match for the specified value. If the input is a single object, PowerShell converts it to a collection of one object.

This parameter was introduced in Windows PowerShell 3.0.

参数属性

参数集

-CEQ

Indicates that this cmdlet gets objects if the property value is the same as the specified value. This operation is case-sensitive.

This parameter was introduced in Windows PowerShell 3.0.

参数属性

参数集

-CGE

Indicates that this cmdlet gets objects if the property value is greater than or equal to the specified value. This operation is case-sensitive.

This parameter was introduced in Windows PowerShell 3.0.

参数属性

参数集

-CGT

Indicates that this cmdlet gets objects if the property value is greater than the specified value. This operation is case-sensitive.

This parameter was introduced in Windows PowerShell 3.0.

参数属性

参数集

-CIn

Indicates that this cmdlet gets objects if the property value includes the specified value. This operation is case-sensitive.

For example: Get-Process | where -Value "svchost" -CIn ProcessName

CIn resembles CContains, except that the property and value positions are reversed. For example, the following statements are both true.

"abc", "def" -CContains "abc"

"abc" -CIn "abc", "def"

This parameter was introduced in Windows PowerShell 3.0.

参数属性

参数集

-CLE

Indicates that this cmdlet gets objects if the property value is less-than or equal to the specified value. This operation is case-sensitive.

This parameter was introduced in Windows PowerShell 3.0.

参数属性

参数集

-CLike

Indicates that this cmdlet gets objects if the property value matches a value that includes wildcard characters. This operation is case-sensitive.

For example: Get-Process | where ProcessName -CLike "*host"

This parameter was introduced in Windows PowerShell 3.0.

参数属性

参数集

-CLT

Indicates that this cmdlet gets objects if the property value is less-than the specified value. This operation is case-sensitive.

This parameter was introduced in Windows PowerShell 3.0.

参数属性

参数集

-CMatch

Indicates that this cmdlet gets objects if the property value matches the specified regular expression. This operation is case-sensitive. When the input is scalar, the matched value is saved in $Matches automatic variable.

For example: Get-Process | where ProcessName -CMatch "Shell"

This parameter was introduced in Windows PowerShell 3.0.

参数属性

参数集

-CNE

Indicates that this cmdlet gets objects if the property value is different than the specified value. This operation is case-sensitive.

This parameter was introduced in Windows PowerShell 3.0.

参数属性

参数集

-CNotContains

Indicates that this cmdlet gets objects if the property value of the object is not an exact match for the specified value. This operation is case-sensitive.

For example: Get-Process | where ProcessName -CNotContains "svchost"

"NotContains" and "CNotContains refer to a collection of values and are true when the collection does not contains any items that are an exact match for the specified value. If the input is a single object, PowerShell converts it to a collection of one object.

This parameter was introduced in Windows PowerShell 3.0.

参数属性

参数集

-CNotIn

Indicates that this cmdlet gets objects if the property value is not an exact match for the specified value. This operation is case-sensitive.

For example: Get-Process | where -Value "svchost" -CNotIn -Property ProcessName

NotIn and CNotIn operators resemble NotContains and CNotContains, except that the property and value positions are reversed. For example, the following statements are true.

"abc", "def" -CNotContains "Abc"

"abc" -CNotIn "Abc", "def"

参数属性

参数集

-CNotLike

Indicates that this cmdlet gets objects if the property value does not match a value that includes wildcard characters. This operation is case-sensitive.

For example: Get-Process | where ProcessName -CNotLike "*host"

This parameter was introduced in Windows PowerShell 3.0.

参数属性

参数集

-CNotMatch

Indicates that this cmdlet gets objects if the property value does not match the specified regular expression. This operation is case-sensitive. When the input is scalar, the matched value is saved in $Matches automatic variable.

For example: Get-Process | where ProcessName -CNotMatch "Shell"

This parameter was introduced in Windows PowerShell 3.0.

参数属性

参数集

-Contains

Indicates that this cmdlet gets objects if any item in the property value of the object is an exact match for the specified value.

For example: Get-Process | where ProcessName -Contains "Svchost"

If the property value contains a single object, PowerShell converts it to a collection of one object.

This parameter was introduced in Windows PowerShell 3.0.

参数属性

参数集

-EQ

Indicates that this cmdlet gets objects if the property value is the same as the specified value.

This parameter was introduced in Windows PowerShell 3.0.

参数属性

参数集

-FilterScript

Specifies the script block that is used to filter the objects. Enclose the script block in braces ( {} ).

The parameter name, FilterScript, is optional.

参数属性

参数集

-GE

Indicates that this cmdlet gets objects if the property value is greater than or equal to the specified value.

This parameter was introduced in Windows PowerShell 3.0.

参数属性

参数集

-GT

Indicates that this cmdlet gets objects if the property value is greater than the specified value.

This parameter was introduced in Windows PowerShell 3.0.

参数属性

参数集

-In

Indicates that this cmdlet gets objects if the property value matches any of the specified values.

For example: Get-Process | where -Property ProcessName -in -Value "Svchost", "TaskHost", "WsmProvHost"

If the value of the Value parameter is a single object, PowerShell converts it to a collection of one object.

If the property value of an object is an array, PowerShell uses reference equality to determine a match. Where-Object returns the object only if the value of the Property parameter and any value of Value are the same instance of an object.

This parameter was introduced in Windows PowerShell 3.0.

参数属性

参数集

-InputObject

Specifies the objects to be filtered. You can also pipe the objects to Where-Object.

When you use the InputObject parameter with Where-Object, instead of piping command results to Where-Object, the InputObject value is treated as a single object. This is true even if the value is a collection that is the result of a command, such as -InputObject (Get-Process). Because InputObject cannot return individual properties from an array or collection of objects, we recommend that, if you use Where-Object to filter a collection of objects for those objects that have specific values in defined properties, you use Where-Object in the pipeline, as shown in the examples in this topic.

参数属性

参数集

-Is

Indicates that this cmdlet gets objects if the property value is an instance of the specified .NET Framework type. Enclose the type name in square brackets.

For example, Get-Process | where StartTime -Is [DateTime]

This parameter was introduced in Windows PowerShell 3.0.

参数属性

参数集

-IsNot

Indicates that this cmdlet gets objects if the property value is not an instance of the specified .NET Framework type.

For example, Get-Process | where StartTime -IsNot [DateTime]

This parameter was introduced in Windows PowerShell 3.0.

参数属性

参数集

-LE

Indicates that this cmdlet gets objects if the property value is less than or equal to the specified value.

This parameter was introduced in Windows PowerShell 3.0.

参数属性

参数集

-Like

Indicates that this cmdlet gets objects if the property value matches a value that includes wildcard characters.

For example: Get-Process | where ProcessName -Like "*host"

This parameter was introduced in Windows PowerShell 3.0.

参数属性

参数集

-LT

Indicates that this cmdlet gets objects if the property value is less than the specified value.

This parameter was introduced in Windows PowerShell 3.0.

参数属性

参数集

-Match

Indicates that this cmdlet gets objects if the property value matches the specified regular expression. When the input is scalar, the matched value is saved in $Matches automatic variable.

For example: Get-Process | where ProcessName -Match "shell"

This parameter was introduced in Windows PowerShell 3.0.

参数属性

参数集

-NE

Indicates that this cmdlet gets objects if the property value is different than the specified value.

This parameter was introduced in Windows PowerShell 3.0.

参数属性

参数集

-NotContains

Indicates that this cmdlet gets objects if none of the items in the property value is an exact match for the specified value.

For example: Get-Process | where ProcessName -NotContains "Svchost"

NotContains refers to a collection of values and is true if the collection does not contain any items that are an exact match for the specified value. If the input is a single object, PowerShell converts it to a collection of one object.

This parameter was introduced in Windows PowerShell 3.0.

参数属性

参数集

-NotIn

Indicates that this cmdlet gets objects if the property value is not an exact match for any of the specified values.

For example: Get-Process | where -Value "svchost" -NotIn -Property ProcessName

If the value of Value is a single object, PowerShell converts it to a collection of one object.

If the property value of an object is an array, PowerShell uses reference equality to determine a match. Where-Object returns the object only if the value of Property and any value of Value are not the same instance of an object.

This parameter was introduced in Windows PowerShell 3.0.

参数属性

参数集

-NotLike

Indicates that this cmdlet gets objects if the property value does not match a value that includes wildcard characters.

For example: Get-Process | where ProcessName -NotLike "*host"

This parameter was introduced in Windows PowerShell 3.0.

参数属性

参数集

-NotMatch

Indicates that this cmdlet gets objects when the property value does not match the specified regular expression. When the input is scalar, the matched value is saved in $Matches automatic variable.

For example: Get-Process | where ProcessName -NotMatch "PowerShell"

This parameter was introduced in Windows PowerShell 3.0.

参数属性

参数集

-Property

Specifies the name of an object property.

The parameter name, Property, is optional.

This parameter was introduced in Windows PowerShell 3.0.

参数属性

参数集

-Value

Specifies a property value. The parameter name, Value, is optional. This parameter accepts wildcard characters when used with the following comparison parameters:

• CLike
• CNotLike
• Like
• NotLike

This parameter was introduced in Windows PowerShell 3.0.

参数属性

参数集

CommonParameters

输入

PSObject

输出

Object

备注

相关链接

• Compare-Object
• ForEach-Object
• Group-Object
• Measure-Object
• New-Object
• Select-Object
• Sort-Object
• Tee-Object