Hi,
Each week it performs a Full backup, plus every 12 or 24 hours (12 in your case) it does a Differential backup, plus approximately every 10 minutes it does log backup. When you do a restore it will automatically determine the combination of backups needed.
Below article explains in detail how backups work in Azure SQL Database:
Automated backups in Azure SQL Database
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-sql/database/automated-backups-overview?view=azuresql
-TP